![]() ![]() As the battery ages, its total capacity decreases, as do its amp hours and ampere rating. However, the rating on a label does not always reflect the true condition of the battery. So, if you see 12V/65Ah on the label, it means the battery has 12 volts and a capacity of 65 amp-hours. Batteries are typically rated in voltages and amp hours. The simplest way to determine a battery rating is to check the battery’s label. You won’t run your car battery for any longer than the time it can sustain its amperage. Knowing your battery reserve capacity can keep you from overrunning it and damaging your car engine. Anything less than this indicates that the battery is of poor quality. A high-quality battery should be able to deliver at least 25 amps before the voltage begins to drop. Hence, if you drive in a cold climate, you should consider the Cold Cranking Amps rating of a battery before purchasing it, whereas if you drive in a warmer climate, the Cranking Amp rating is more important to you.Īlso, knowing your battery’s reserve capacity can help you determine whether the battery is suitable for your vehicle. And in warmer or marine conditions, a high Cranking Amp of approximately 750 CA is required to start your car. To start your car in cold weather, you need a battery with a high Cold Cranking Amps rating of at least 650 CCAs or more. Depending on the temperature, a battery must deliver a sufficient current to start your car. However, in cold weather, a battery’s storage capacity (or amp-hour rating) has no bearing on how well it can start your car or truck. Depending on your vehicle, you may require a 12-volt battery with a storage capacity of 50Ah, 60Ah, or 100Ah. But before you buy a battery, make sure it has enough storage capacity to meet your needs for an extended period. The amp-hour (AH) rating indicates how long a car battery will last, while the CCA, CA, and RC ratings indicate how well the battery will perform under various temperatures or weather conditions.Ī typical 12-volt car battery has a capacity of 48 amp-hours. It’s clear that the amp rating of a car battery can be measured under various battery specifications. Why Do Amps Ratings Matter In Car Battery? This means that the batteries can deliver 25 amps for approximately 100 to 120 minutes before needing to be recharged. The typical RC rating for 12-volt car batteries is between 100 and 120. The battery reserve capacity measures a 25amps supply rate of a fully charged battery at an ambient temperature of 80° F before dropping below 10.5voltsįor example, if a lead acid battery’s RC rating is 120, it means the battery can provide 25 amps for 120 minutes before losing power to start the car. It is also referred to as hot cranking amps (HCA) or marine cranking amps (MCA) because it indicates how a battery will perform in hot weather or marine condition.Ĭranking Amps for a 12-volt car battery can range between 400 and 750 CA. The CA rating is the maximum current that a fully charged battery can deliver for 30 seconds at 32☏ (0☌) without dropping below 7.2V. Although some compact vehicle batteries have a CCA of 400 to 600, larger vehicles such as SUVs and trucks use batteries with a higher CCA of 700 to 1000. The Cold Cranking Amp (CCA) rating is an important value because it indicates how a battery will perform during the cold season, and it is often the first thing to look for when purchasing a starting battery.Ī 12-volt car battery has an average Cold Cranking Amps rating of around 650 CCA. For example, a battery, when fully charged, can deliver up to 30 seconds of current at 0☏ (-18☌) without the voltage dropping below 7.2V. Cold Cranking Amps (CCA)ĬCA measures the maximum amount of current that your battery can deliver at a certain amount of time in cold weather. Most car batteries typically have an amp-hour rating of 50Ah to 100Ah, whereas large or diesel-powered trucks use 100+ Ah batteries with 1000+ CCA. Amp-hour refers to the maximum amount of current that a battery can store and produce over time before it needs to be recharged.įor example, a 100Ah battery can provide a current of 1 amp for 100 hours or 5 amps for 20 hours. This is the most common battery capacity rating. Measuring amps is important for understanding how your battery works and troubleshooting problems. In this case, the conductor is your battery. Current is defined as the rate at which electrons flow through an electrical conductor. Amps (Amperes)Īn amp, or ampere, is a unit of measurement for electrical current. In order to make sense of this question, you first need to understand the key electrical term in your car battery systems, as well as the various categories of rating a car battery capacity. What is the Amp Rating of a 12 Volt Battery? How To Measure Your Battery Amps Using A Multimeter.Why Do Amps Ratings Matter In Car Battery?.What is the Amp Rating of a 12 Volt Battery?.
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On an average day, the two spans that were destroyed on Sunday morning carried 160,000 vehicles, Mr. Even with fewer cars on a Sunday afternoon, traffic was slow coming off the Bay Bridge into the East Bay, a situation that will no doubt intensify as the workweek begins. With a Monday morning rush hour looming, officials said they were trying to assess the damage as fast as possible. “If you have that kind of heat,” he said, “you’re going to have this kind of reaction. Kempton said the heat from the fireball had most likely melted the steel girders and bolts that supported the concrete roadway. At a noontime press conference held at a toll plaza near the collapse, Mr. He was not the only one wondering how the overpass, which dates to the 1950s, had failed. “And I’m really curious how something this stout could be taken down.” “I have not seen this kind of wreckage before,” Mr. Dozens of people converged near the collapse site to gawk, and rubbernecking drivers on remaining roadways slowed traffic.Īnother onlooker, James Signore, a civil engineer from Oakland, said he had a professional interest in the damage. This time around, the results were not deadly on I-880, but no less arresting to look at. Mayor Gavin Newsom of San Francisco, who visited the site on Sunday, called the collapse “a giant wake-up call to the region” about what may happen in a major temblor. That collapse, which occurred during the evening rush hour, resulted in 41 deaths and more than 100 injuries, as cars on the lower level were crushed. Last June, according to records of the California Office of Spill Prevention and Response, a Sabek tanker truck jackknifed on an Interstate near Vallejo, spilling 4,500 gallons of diesel fuel, which contaminated a creek and vegetation.įor some Bay Area residents, the accident evoked memories of the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake, which caused the collapse of a mile-long, double-decker section of I-880, near the site of Sunday’s accident. Mosqueda, and the truck’s owner, Sabek Transportation, based in San Francisco. Brown said there was “no indication of impairment of the driver” by drugs or alcohol, but that some legal issues are outstanding for both Mr. Cunningham said the state doesn’t comment on pending lawsuits. ODOT is named in one of two lawsuits charging negligence that was filed on behalf of Carl’s estate. “Even if they want to look at their overall construction processes, they should have released something by now. “Why the state’s report isn’t done is beyond me,” Frye said. While the Augusta, Kentucky, woman believes ODOT and Kokosing were negligent, Frye was satisfied with OSHA’s investigation and said Kokosing at least acknowledged it made a mistake. “But I cry about everyday” said Frye, her voice breaking. Roebling Bridge has been an iconic landmark over the Ohio River. “Brandon and his family will always be in our thoughts and prayers, Householder said.Ĭarl’s mother, Sharon Frye, said the anniversary of her son’s death was very difficult for his family. The Covington-Cincinnati Suspension Bridge Committee (CCSBC) is a citizens. He said Kokosing marked Tuesday’s anniversary of Carl’s death with a company-wide moment of silence. Kokosing spokesman John Householder said that practice is now standard procedure on all company demolition projects. OSHA said the company corrected the violations and has been maintaining an agreement to use a third-party engineering firm to conduct bridge demolition engineering surveys. He said Kokosing continues as a major contractor for the state on that project and others around Ohio. He said there is no timetable for the report to be finished. “I can’t provide any specifics because we haven’t seen the report,” said Cunningham. ODOT spokesman Brian Cunningham said the report may or may not result in any changes. The Columbus-based contractor also completed its internal review last year, with CEO Brian Burgett acknowledging the company made an engineering mistake that may have contributed to the collapse and Carl’s subsequent death.īut the Ohio Department of Transportation, which contracted with Kokosing for the demolition, hasn’t released any details of its ongoing analysis.Ī department spokesman says the report isn’t focused solely on the collapse, but is looking at overall ODOT construction processes. $14,000, citing it for two serious safety violations. The federal Occupational Safety and Health Administration determined a few months later that Carl died in a “preventable workplace accident” and fined Kokosing Construction Co. ![]() 19, 2015, collapse during demolition to remove an Interstate 75 ramp bridge just north of downtown Cincinnati killed Brandon Carl, of Augusta, Kentucky. CINCINNATI (AP) - A state analysis of a highway overpass collapse that killed a construction worker in southwestern Ohio has yet to be completed a year later and lawsuits over the accident continue as the man’s family struggles with his loss. You can print these lists double-sided to make three total cards or you can print them single-sided to make six total cards. Scattergories Lists Printing Instructionsīecause we have an older version of the game, we set up the cards to look like the old cards that have two lists on a side. You can then download them to your computer. When you click on the lists, they will open up in a new tab in your internet browser. You can click on the Scattergories Lists shortcut or scroll down until you find them. If you have other list ideas that you would like us to create, you can comment down at the bottom of this page or email us at Lists Downloading InstructionsĪll you need to do is visit the resource library and click on the printable games picture. We have created lists for 16 different categories. None of the items in this post or in the resource library can be sold or redistributed for money. You may only use my templates for personal use. It just helps support this blog so we can continue to bring you more content like this.ĭISCLAIMER: I do not own any of the images or fonts that are used to create this game. It does not cost you any more to purchase an item through our links. This just means that we make a little money if you buy something through one of our links. ![]() ![]() We decided to create some of our own category lists to play with and thought that other people might like to play with them too.ĭisclosure: this post may contain affiliate links. ![]() Even though we have so many Scattergories lists to choose from, there are certain topics that I would love to have. Do you enjoy playing the board game Scattergories? I absolutely love playing Scattergories! We have an older version of the game with one refill box of cards that has extra category lists. ![]() The breakdown of these commands can be found here.ĪRG TEST_ARG will set our Docker container's ARG variableĮNV TEST_ENV $TEST_ARG will set the Docker ENV variable to whatever the TEST_ARG is set to. We're going to create a second secret called TEST_ENV as seen in the screenshot below. If you're following along from the last tutorial, you'll already have the HEROKU_API_KEY set. Once completed, it should appear in the Repository secrets section. Press New repository secret to add your environment variable. Head to GitHub and then your repository secret settings to add a new repository secret. Create a new secret in GitHub Actions Secrets In some cases like Vercel's, this can't be avoided, but with our API development, we'll aim to keep our applications as agnostic as possible. ![]() Vercel is a great example of this - NextJS has created a robust framework with React as the underlying principle and then tied some of their best features to their own hosting solution (e.g. As new technologies and companies are found, deployment practices will change and be more and more coupled to the technologies these companies have developed. Storing environment variables in GitHub Secrets Why not use Heroku's secret management?Īn important aspect in cloud-native software development has been to keep applications as agnostic of the hosting platform as possible. env file, you will overwrite the one set from Heroku and your application will not be able to communicate. If you try to manually set the PORT variable in your Dockerfile or any. Now, a short graph to demonstrate the above. These variables should be able to be source controlled with the rest of the application, and not contain any sensitive information - variables such as API endpoints and application names. The next level up will be any environment variables set within our Node application. Docker will provide secrets and environment variables which we need to manually configure. In our case, this will be the Docker environment that we create using the Alpine operating system as seen in the Dockerfile (i.e. This will often be referred to as the host. The next level will be the host machine that the application is being run on. We see this as they set our PORT variable for us, which we can access through process.env.* for our NestJS application. The lowest level hierarchy in our workflow will be Heroku. ![]() On the other hand, this can be used to effectively manage environments and allow plug-and-play development and production environments. If you're not careful, you will end up overwriting a variable. In general, applications will all follow the same hierarchy for environment variables. Note that the underlying language or framework you use shouldn't matter as long as you're using Heroku, Github Actions, and Docker to deploy your apps.Ĭheck out part one of this series if you need a starter. We'll use a NestJS project from a previous tutorial as a starting point for the rest of this guide. ![]() This guide will cover creating secrets in GitHub Secrets, accessing them through GitHub Action's workflows, passing them to Docker using the ARG and ENV parameters, and having Heroku deploy the application. As continuous integration and continuous deployment have become more normalized for even sample applications thanks to tools like Vercel, GitLab CI/CD, and GitHub Actions, we can easily store and inject our environment variables within those tooling's secret management offerings as opposed to the expansive solutions we may be inclined towards. Many solutions exist for storing and retrieving data securely and lead to full-blown implementations of config servers, HashiCorp's Vault, and robust stash solutions.įor smaller applications and development environments, however, we can use simpler methods of storing and retrieving secrets as environment variables and inject them using our CI/CD pipelines. In cloud-native application development, secret management is always a hot topic. Want to follow along? Check out the sample repo. Hydrogen leaks more easily than natural gas alone, since it’s smaller and lighter. The gas company’s original plan called for sending the hydrogen blends to buildings on the north end of campus - including the Mesa Arts Building, a freshman dorm, offices and a food court - to fuel equipment “such as ovens, furnaces, water heaters, dryers and boilers.” But after pushback from students and environmental groups, university leaders recently instructed SoCalGas not to include dorm and dining facilities in the plan. And at six months, it would hit 20% and stay there for one year. But after three months, the blend would be bumped up to 10% hydrogen. Under that level, a study out of UC Riverside said there are few concerns about how the pipeline system and appliances fueled by it would perform. ![]() Initially, the mix would be just 5% hydrogen. The mix then would be delivered to buildings on campus. That hydrogen would be stored in tanks until being injected into a skid, where it would blend with natural gas. SoCalGas hopes to install an electrolyzer at UC Irvine to make hydrogen by shooting an electrical current (powered by the state grid) through water and splitting hydrogen from oxygen. Brouwer’s team has worked with SoCalGas on other projects, and he told me this next test seemed a natural fit. The center is led by Jack Brouwer, an engineering professor at UCI who’s studied hydrogen for 25 years. UC Irvine is home to the National Fuel Cell Research Center, which has been testing hydrogen for years. They argue that any amount of natural gas displaced by hydrogen will lead to lower carbon emissions. So gas companies and state regulators hope to use results from the UC Irvine study, and others in the works, to help develop those hydrogen injection standards. That way, the state could reduce carbon emissions without having to develop a new, dedicated hydrogen gas infrastructure system. The goal was to see how much, if any, hydrogen could be used without causing problems for the pipeline system or appliances. The Public Utilities Commission in 2019 asked California gas companies to help develop standards for safely injecting hydrogen into the statewide natural gas system, including older steel and plastic distribution systems that fuel gas-powered appliances found in homes and smaller commercial facilities. Here are five questions and answers to get you up to speed on how that happened and why you should care. Now UC Irvine is on the front lines of that debate. Beyond limited uses for hard-to-decarbonize sectors, they call hydrogen a risky and costly distraction that simply lets fossil fuel companies extend demand for their products amid heightened pressure to clean up their acts. During the massive CERAWeek conference last week, Houston Chronicle opinion writer Chris Tomlinson called hydrogen the “belle of the ball,” with “low turnout for the oil and gas CEO speeches and the standing-room-only crowds for clean technology entrepreneurs.”īut most environmental groups consider hydrogen a dead end when it comes to climate change. Make them too loose and experts told her emissions will actually get worse in coming years. Make the rules too tough and experts told Pontecorvo the nascent hydrogen industry will be wiped out. ![]() The Inflation Reduction Act dedicates tax credits to encourage development of so-called “green hydrogen.” But what, exactly, is considered “green?” Grist writer Emily Pontecorvo dove into the complicated question and high stakes around that definition. |